Sovereign and air-gapped

Every control on this surface needs something first. Skarn needs a machine.

An account. A detection server. A commercial-cloud tenant. An eligible plan. Each of the four is a precondition the vendor states in its own documentation, and any one of them can rule the product out of an air-gapped network or a sovereign cloud.

In one line: Skarn reads the AI coding sessions on the machine that wrote them, with no server in the detection path, no tenant, and no network call by default - the free license is a file, verified offline, that an air-gapped machine never fetches itself - so the environments that disqualify the alternatives by their own prerequisites are the environments it was built for.

Incumbent claims current as of 2026-10-26. Every cell below quotes that vendor's own documentation and links to it; see methodology and sources.

The four tethers

Architectural and deployment properties only - what each control requires before it can run, quoted from the vendor. Not detection-accuracy benchmarks.

What it needs first The vendor's own documentation Skarn
A vendor account GitGuardian Developer Endpoint Protection. The stated prerequisite is "a GitGuardian business account with Endpoint Protection enabled," the product "is only available for workspaces with a Growth or Enterprise plan," and the enrolled machine appears under Endpoints in the GitGuardian dashboard of a US or EU workspace or a self-hosted instance (GitGuardian docs, 2026-10-16, 2026-10-16) No vendor dashboard enrolment or runtime dependency. skarn assess needs no license at all and runs on a machine that has never contacted us; skarn check uses a free license file, a one-time fetch you can carry into an air-gapped network, verified offline
A detection server The core ggshield engine and GitGuardian's AI Hooks. "ggshield relies on the GitGuardian API to perform secret scanning," the pre-commit hook "requires an API key to work," and AI Hooks "work like every other ggshield scan: the GitGuardian API scans the content." A self-hosted instance is selectable, and detection still routes through a GitGuardian API endpoint; only the Endpoint Protection machine scan detects on the endpoint itself (GitGuardian docs, 2026-10-16, 2026-10-16, 2026-10-26) The engine is in the binary. No network call by default; --offline disables all network access outright
A commercial-cloud tenant Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, local AI agent discovery. "Your environment is in the commercial cloud. Sovereign and national clouds aren't supported." It also requires "a Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Plan 2 license," devices onboarded to Defender, and the Microsoft Defender portal to read the result (Microsoft Learn, 2026-10-07) No tenant, no portal, no onboarding. The report is a local file you keep - text, JSON, or SARIF 2.1.0 for the SIEM you already run
An eligible plan Anthropic's Claude Compliance API. "The Compliance API is available to Enterprise plan organizations and to Claude Platform customers in Claude chats," and Anthropic's dedicated government deployments use a separate Compliance API (Anthropic support, fetched 2026-10-26); its content endpoints, session transcripts included, "serve Claude Enterprise data only" (Anthropic docs, 2026-10-26) No eligibility list and no hosted API. The free core is the whole engine, in the same binary for every organization

Preconditions as documented by each vendor, current as of 2026-10-26. Every cell links to that vendor's own dated source. Microsoft's documentation no longer marks local AI agent discovery as Preview, except on macOS.

What these products do, in their own words

The tether is the precondition. Here is what each product does, from the same sources.

GitGuardian scans on the endpoint

A Developer Endpoint Protection machine scan walks the disk on a schedule: "Detection runs on the endpoint, and file contents are never transmitted to GitGuardian's servers." With an optional history pass, its agent inventory parses agent transcripts on the endpoint too, rebuilding past MCP tool calls; an experimental activity option instead ships raw agent activity records to GitGuardian (GitGuardian docs, 2026-10-26, 2026-10-16). The tether is the account, the dashboard, and the detection server its AI Hooks call, not the scan location.

Microsoft Defender inspects and blocks locally

AI agent runtime protection works by "inspecting critical points in the agent loop where content enters or leaves the agent's reasoning," and on agents such as Claude Code, Codex CLI, and GitHub Copilot CLI it can "apply audit or block decisions at critical points in the agent workflow" (Microsoft Learn, 2026-10-09, Preview). The tether is the tenant, the licence, and - for local agent discovery - the commercial cloud: runtime protection needs "a Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Plan 2, Microsoft 365 E5, Microsoft Agent 365, or Microsoft 365 E7 license" and devices onboarded to Defender for Endpoint (Microsoft Learn, 2026-09-25).

Prisma AIRS is inline first

Every prompt and tool call is "scanned and validated before the AI model processes it," and as an MCP server Prisma AIRS can also scan on demand, "not dependent on the real-time API intercept" (Palo Alto, 2025-11-19). Through Cortex Agentic Endpoint Security, hooks managed inside coding agents on developer endpoints send prompts, MCP tool calls, and network calls to Prisma AIRS, and the verdict comes from Prisma AIRS (Palo Alto docs, 2026-10-22). That is a deployment choice, not an omission: Prisma AIRS inspects what is sent to it, and finding and parsing the session stores already on disk is a different job.

None of the four preconditions is an oversight. An account, a server, a tenant, and an eligibility list are what it means to deliver a security control as a service - they are the service. Skarn is delivered as a binary, which is why it carries none of them. That is the whole of the difference, and it is the only part of it that a sovereignty review cares about.

Skarn's side, stated as negatives

Each of these is a present-tense property of the binary you can run today.

The free tier includes the core scanner

The core scanner costs nothing, under a free license anyone can register for: all 251 detection rules, attack-chain correlation, the 0-100 session risk score, enforced redaction, and every output format. No trial window, no seat count, no card. Pro adds the paid controls - policy, baselines with per-entry provenance, audit evidence, and guard enforcement - and Team the organization around them.

No dashboard, no enrolment

No workspace and no endpoint enrolling into a vendor console. skarn assess scans every AI session on the machine with no account and no license; skarn check uses a free license file, fetched once and verified offline - an air-gapped machine never fetches it itself.

Skarn runs offline

It scans locally and makes no network connection by default. Two commands transmit anything off the machine, and only when you run them: the optional signed rule-feed fetch and skarn license renew. No session content or secret the scan finds leaves the machine, and --offline disables all network access. skarn serve binds to 127.0.0.1.

Skarn fails closed

An incomplete scan does not have to report green: --fail-on-scan-error exits non-zero when a source errored out of discovery or a session failed to parse, so a pipeline can refuse a scan that could not read everything.

Skarn is one engine

One binary, one data path. The same engine audits the sessions already on disk across 13 assistants and backs the real-time pre-execution guard hook on 9 of them. There is no second product and no second place your session content can go.

The frameworks a regulated EU buyer names

Each mapped to a capability. Skarn produces evidence; your organisation owns the obligation.

BSI C5 (Nachweis)

C5 sets the criteria a cloud service provider is attested against by an auditor. The scan runs on your machine and makes no network call when it scans.

EU Cloud Sovereignty Framework

The European Commission's framework scores cloud services on data localisation, operational control, and legal jurisdiction. It does not score the scan, which runs on your machine and makes no network call when it scans.

KRITIS-Dachgesetz

The umbrella law asks operators of critical installations to document their resilience measures. Skarn's contribution is evidence: a local, auditable record of what AI coding sessions exposed, produced without anything leaving the operator's machines.

NIS-2

NIS-2 asks organisations to manage their cyber risk, including the security of how they develop software. Skarn produces documented SARIF 2.1.0 evidence of AI-session scanning, crosswalked to MITRE ATLAS and the OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications 2025.

DORA

DORA asks financial entities to identify the weaknesses in their ICT systems. Credentials leaking through AI coding tools are one of them, and you can evidence it rather than assume it.

EU AI Act

The AI Act sets rules for AI systems and the records kept about them. Where you keep a record that AI activity is monitored, --audit-log (Pro) appends a hash-chained record of each scan - timestamp, policy, finding counts, verdict, no secrets - and detects in-place edits and reordering of that history.

Methodology and sources

We compare only on the architectural and deployment axis - what a control requires before it runs, where it runs, and what egress it needs - because those properties are structural to each product's design. Every precondition above is quoted from the named vendor's own dated source.

  • GitGuardian Developer Endpoint Protection prerequisites (business account, dashboard enrolment, workspace or self-hosted instance) and plan availability (Growth or Enterprise): docs.gitguardian.com and the Endpoint Protection overview, both last updated 2026-10-16.
  • GitGuardian Endpoint Protection data handling (machine scans detect on the endpoint; AI Hooks send the scanned content to the GitGuardian API): docs.gitguardian.com, last updated 2026-10-26.
  • GitGuardian AI agent and MCP inventory (agent transcripts parsed on the endpoint): docs.gitguardian.com, last updated 2026-10-16.
  • GitGuardian core ggshield engine API dependency (GitGuardian SaaS or an on-premise instance): docs.gitguardian.com, last updated 2026-10-16, and the pre-commit hook API-key requirement, last updated 2026-10-16.
  • Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, local AI agent discovery (commercial cloud only, licence, portal): learn.microsoft.com, last updated 2026-10-07.
  • Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, AI agent runtime protection (local inspection and blocking at agent hook points): learn.microsoft.com, Preview, last updated 2026-10-09.
  • Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, AI agent runtime protection prerequisites (licences, onboarded Windows devices): learn.microsoft.com, last updated 2026-09-25.
  • Palo Alto Prisma AIRS inline interception for Claude Code, and on-demand scanning as an MCP server: paloaltonetworks.com, published 2025-11-19.
  • Palo Alto Prisma AIRS integration with Cortex Agentic Endpoint Security (AIRS hooks in coding agents on developer endpoints): docs.paloaltonetworks.com, updated 2026-10-22.
  • Anthropic Compliance API eligibility (Enterprise plan organizations and Claude Platform customers in Claude chats; a separate Compliance API for dedicated government deployments): support.claude.com, fetched 2026-10-26; content scope (Claude Enterprise data only): platform.claude.com, fetched 2026-10-26.
  • BSI C5 criteria catalogue (criteria for cloud service providers, auditor attestation to ISAE 3000): bsi.bund.de, fetched 2026-07-12.
  • European Commission Cloud Sovereignty Framework (sovereignty objectives, SEAL levels, sovereignty score): commission.europa.eu, published 2025-10-20.
  • KRITIS-Dachgesetz (physical resilience of critical installations): gesetze-im-internet.de, fetched 2026-07-12.
  • Skarn architectural claims (local-first, no egress by default, offline flag, audit log, guard hook): the Skarn manual and the editions boundary, as of 2026-07-12.

Attribution and scope: GitGuardian's Endpoint Protection does scan locally, and Microsoft Defender does inspect and block locally at agent hook points - neither is claimed otherwise here, and the cells above are about preconditions, not capabilities. Microsoft's commercial-cloud prerequisite is documented for local AI agent discovery specifically; Defender's runtime protection is in Preview, and so is local AI agent discovery on macOS. The Prisma AIRS cell is a deployment-model contrast, not a missing feature. Until 2026-10-26 this page quoted a Public Sector exclusion from Anthropic's Compliance API eligibility article, which no longer carries it. Each vendor may change any of this at any time; every claim is dated so you can check it against the source.

Related: how the tools compare by architecture, for procurement, for CISOs

Run it on one machine, with the network unplugged

A 30-minute live demo of the scanner on a developer's machine, run with you. Nothing leaves the laptop: you watch it run and keep the redacted report.

Runs on macOS, Windows, and Linux, on both Intel and ARM.